________iteasiertogetintouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthisc...

问题详情：

________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.

A ． Made B ． Make

C ． Making D ． To make

【回答】

D

【详解】

考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选 D 。

【名师点睛】

一、不定式的作用

1. 作主语

不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用 it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。

例如： It took us two hours to finish the job.

It is impossible for us to get there on time.

It is very kind of you to help us.

2. 作宾语

(1) 动词 + 不定式。

例如： He managed to escape from the fire.

I find it hard to get along with him. （ it 作形式宾语）

注： 下列动词通常用不定式作宾语： want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get 等。

(2) 动词 + 疑问词 +to , “ 特殊疑问句 + 不定式 ” 相当于名词，作宾语。

例如： I don’t know what to do next / how to do it next.

I can’t decide when to go there.

注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用 it 作形式宾语。例如： I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.

3. 作宾语补足语

(1) 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式（ to do ）。

例如： He warned me to be careful.

I want you to speak to Tom.

What makes you think so? （不带 to 的不定式）

注：可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有： ask, tell, order, want, get, would like, like, advise, invite, allow, help, wish, warn, expect, would prefer, encourage 等。

(2) 表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词 + 宾语 + to be 的不定式结构。

例如： We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

The book is believed to be useful. （被动语态）

(3) There + 不定式。

例如： We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.

注意：有些动词需用 as 短语作补语，像 regard, think, believe, take, consider 。例如：

We regard Eric as our best teacher.

Mary took him as her father.

(4) 在动词 feel( 一感 ), hear, listen to( 二听 ), have, let, make( 三让 ), notice, see, watch, observe, look at( 五看 )( 即：五看三使两听一感觉 ) 等后面的补足语中，不定式不带 to ，但变为被动语态后，必须带 to 。例如：

They saw the boy fall off the tree.

The boy was seen to fall off the tree.

(5) help 后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带 to ，也可以不带 to 。

例如： I often help him (to) clean the room.

I helped him (to) find his things.

4. 作定语

不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。

例如： I have a lot of work to do. （动宾关系）

He is looking for a room to live in. （动状关系）

He is the first person to think of the idea. （主谓关系）

He has got a chance to go abroad. （同位关系）

注意： (1) 不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表被动。例如：

Do you have anything else to say?

(2) 如果作定语的不定式是一个短语，则要保留不定式短语中的副词或介词。例如：

I need a pen to write with. (I will write with a pen.)

I have a little baby to look after. (I must look after the little baby.)

5. 作状语

作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如 in order to, so as to, so…as to, such…as to, …enough to, too…to 等。

(1) 作目的状语， just to, only to （仅仅为了） , in order to, so as to, so(such)…as to… （如此 …… 以便 …… ）。

例如： He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.

(2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到，要放在句子后面。

例如： He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.

(3) 作原因状语。

例如： We were very excited to hear the news.

(4) 作条件状语。

例如： To turn to the left, you could find a post office.

6. 作表语

不定式可放在 be 动词后面，构成表语。

例如： The question is how to put it into practice.

My question is when to leave.

His dream is to be a doctor.

注意： (1) 不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。

(2) 当主语是不定式时，表语不能用 v+ing 形式，可用不定式。

例如： To see is to believe. (="Seeing" is believing. )

二、不定式的时态和语态

1. 不定式的时态

(1) 现在时：有时与谓语动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

例如： He seems to know this.

I hope to see you again.

(2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。

例如： I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

(3) 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动作同时发生。

例如： He seems to be eating something.

(4) 完成进行时：表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去。

例如： She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.

2. 不定式的语态

当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，就用被动式。

例如： He was seen to enter the hall.

He asked to be sent to work in Tibet.

知识点：状语从句

题型：选择题